MENTAL SCIENCE OR ULTIMATE SCIENCE

NATURAL SCIENCES investigate the basic principles and laws of nature
to explain the physical phenomena that have been occurring for
aeons. But they cannot probe the nature of the mind and they fail to
explain the mental phenomena that have enormous influence on
physical phenomena.
Lord Buddha, with His power of omniscience, knew the true
nature of the mind and correctly described the causal relations that
govern mind and matter and thus can explain all psycho-physical
phenomena in the world.
His ultimate teaching, known as Abhidhamma, describes in
detail the natures of the ultimate realities that really exist in nature
but are unknown to scientists. His method of verification is superior
to scientific methods which depend on instruments. He used His
divine-eye to penetrate the coverings that hide the true nature of all
things. He also taught others how to develop concentration and
how to observe with their mind-eyes the true nature of all things
and finally the four Noble Truths which can enlighten one to achieve
one’s liberation from all miseries for ever!
So Abhidhamma may be regarded as Mental Science or Ultimate
Science—the science of the ultimate truths.
THE AGE OF ANALYSIS
PHILOSOPHERS have now come to the age of analysis. But who can
analyse mind and matter correctly and thoroughly as Lord Buddha
has done more than 2500 years ago!
The correct analysis of mind and matter is the greatest achievement
on earth and the discovery of the natural correlations between
mind and matter is the most beneficial discovery ever achieved by
man.
You will gain the greatest benefit if you strenuously study
Abhidhamma which systematically describes the intrinsic natures of
the ultimate comprising mind, matter and permanent peace
(Nibbàna).
MIND CREATES MISERIES AND HAPPINESS
ALL MENTAL PHENOMENA have mind as their forerunner; they have
mind as their chief; they are mind-made.
If one thinks, speaks or acts with an evil mind, misery follows him just
as the wheel follows the hoofs of the ox that draws the cart.
If one thinks, speaks or acts with a pure mind, happiness follows him
like his shadow that never leaves him
—Dhammapada, Verses 1&2


Introducing the Higher Teaching of the Buddha:
Buddha Abhidhamma
Ultimate Science
by
Dr. Mehm Tin Mon
B.Sc.Hons. (Ygn), M.Sc., Ph.D. (USA)
Professor of Chemistry (Rtd.)
Professor of Samatha Meditation
International Theravàda Buddha Missionary University, Yangon
Adviser to the Ministry of Religious Affairs, Union of Myanmar
BUDDHA ABHIDHAMMA
Ultimate Science
Copyright © 1995 Dr Mehm Tin Mon
Printed with permission from the author
by
Ven Hui Xin
(Fo Guang Shan Malaysia)
This First Revised Edition—1000 copies (Nov 2002)
Layout and Cover Design
by
Sukhi Hotu Sdn Bhd
42V Jalan Matang Kuching
11500 Air Itam
Penang
Tel 04 8277118 Fax 04 8277228
Email sukhihotu@pd.jaring.my

FOREWORD
The prophecy that an able person would soon appear to
contribute to the world of knowledge in the field of Buddhist
Psycho-ethical-philosophy, which we commonly appreciate as Buddha
Abhidhamma, has now come true.
The prophecy was made by my revered old teacher, Bhaddanta
Nàrada Mahàthera (Aggamahàpandita) who was well-known as the
original Patthàna Master. He made the prophecy in 1952 while I was
studying Yamaka and Patthàna Treatises under his guidance. He assigned
me and my colleague translator, Professor Thein Nyunt, to
translate his writings on Abhidhamma. The task was never fully accomplished
as I was occupied with teaching at the Pàli and Abhidhamma
Department of the University of Yangon and later transferred to the
International Institute of Advanced Buddhistic Studies at Kaba-Aye
as Head of Research Department.
Thereupon my disappointed old teacher, Bhaddanta Nàrada Mahàthera,
with full expectation, prophesied that pretty soon an able
scholar will emerge to accomplish the noble task of presenting
Abhidhamma in English to the world. So now appears a novel and
authentic treatise entitled BUDDHA ABHIDHAMMA—Ultimate Science by
Dr. Mehm Tin Mon.
Dr. Tin Mon is a man of science for he was trained in the University
of Illinois, U.S.A. for his master degree and doctorate degree
in chemistry and then he served his country for several years as
Professor of Chemistry. He is also a man of arts as he has written
several illustrative books on education as well as on Buddhism and

5
his books are widely read by the public. So his approach to Abhidhamma
is very scientific as well as artistic.
Dr. Tin Mon has been conducting long courses as well as short
intensive courses on Abhidhamma in many towns throughout
Myamnar. His Abhidhamma-classes draw the attention of large crowds
as his unique ability to compare Abhidhamma with science as well as
with western philosophy makes the subject very interesting and
stimulating.
He emphasized the fact that the teachings of Lord Buddha in
Abhidhamma are very scientific and that Abhidhamma goes much
deeper than natural sciences encompassing a much wider field. As I
was trained at the Harvard Divinity School and Harvard Graduate
School of Arts and Sciences three decades ago, and has engaged
myself as a research scholar in the field of historical, philosophical
and religious sciences for many years, I heartily agree with Dr. Tin
Mon in regarding Abhidhamma as the Ultimate Science—the science
of the Ultimate Truths.
Culture, Philosophy, History and may other common mundane
subjects can be studied thoroughly through the media of natural and
human sciences. But the divine elements in religious studies can be
robed and realized only by means of Divine Science. However the
ultimate supramundane things which are beyond divinity can be
realized only through the Ultimate Science. So Abhidhamma or
Ultimate Science surpasses all other historical, philosophical and
religious sciences.
Philosophy is a noble science but it cannot be said to excel all
other sciences because it does not embrace the whole universality of
things in Abhidhamma. Abhidhamma analyses mind and matter in
minute detail into ultimate realities and shows the way to eternal
peace call Nibbàna. These ultimate realities are unknown to
philosophy and all other sciences.


6
Dr. Tin Mon enlightens the readers extremely well with his
BUDDHA ABHIDHAMMA—Ultimate Science. A reader can derive more
benefit from this book in one week that from a life-time of pondering
the philosophies of others.
This treatise is really a new version of the Compendium of Buddhist
Philosophy after the design of the well-known book called THE
ABHIDHAMMATHA SANGAHA—The Compendium of Buddhist Philosophy
written by U Shwe Zan Aung and published by the London Pali Text
Society in 1910. Dr. Tin Mon perfected and augmented it still further
by the extraordinary quality of his intellect and all the superb
patrimony of wisdom which he inherited from his predecessors.
As a matter of fact, I have studied the subject in conjunction with
the Ultimate Science at the Department of History and Philosophy
in Harvard University from the theological point of view. But I am
more thoroughly convinced and lucidly enlightened in the conception
and meaningfulness of the subject only now after I have read this
new book presented by Dr. Tin Mon.
It is really a very hard task to write than to read such a profound
work like this. May all scholars therefore unanimously and sincerely
welcome this superb work on Abhidhamma and may Abhidhamma
enlighten the whole world.
24 December 1994
Sao Htun Hmat Win
M.A., A.M., S.R.F. (Harvard)
MAHA SADDHAMMA JOTIKADHAJA
Adviser to the Ministry of Religious Affairs,
Union of Myanmar

Contents
Foreword 4
Preface 17
Buddha’s Teachings ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
The Significance of Abhidhamma ......................................................................................................................................................... 18
What is the Mind? ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
An Intellectual Treat .................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
The Essence of Buddha Abhidhamma ................................................................................................................................................ 23
Introduction 25
A Fitting Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Realities ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
The Four Paramatthas .................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Nàma and Råpa ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
The Purpose of the Ultimate Analysis ............................................................................................................................................. 33
Chapter 1
CITTA
Consciousness 35
Four Classes of Cittas ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Kàmàvacara Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Akusala Cittas (Immoral Consciousness) .................................................................................................................................... 36
Lobha-måla Cittas .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Dosa-måla Cittas ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
Moha-måla Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Taking stock in a Day ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Ahetuka Cittas (Rootless Consciousness) ................................................................................................................................... 44
Akusala Vipàka Cittas .................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
Ahetuka Kusala Vipàka Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................... 46
Ahetuka Kiriya Cittas ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Kàma-sobhaõa Cittas ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Mahà-kusala Cittas .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
Mahà-vipàka Cittas & Mahà-kiriya Cittas .................................................................................................................................. 53
Normal Cittas in a Person ............................

Råpàvacara Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
What is Jhàna? ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 55
Råpàvacara Kusala Cittas .......................................................................................................................................................................... 59
Råpàvacara Vipàka Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................ 60
Råpàvacara Kiriya Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................. 60
Aråpàvacara Cittas ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 60
Aråpa Jhànas ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 61
Aråpàvacara Kusala Cittas ....................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Aråpàvacara Vipàka Cittas ........................................................................................................................................................................ 63
Aråpàvacara Kiriya Cittas .......................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Abhi¤¤àõa Cittas (Supernormal Consciousness) .................................................................................................................. 64
Lokuttara Cittas ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 65
Lokuttara Kusala Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................. 66
Five Jhàna Sotàpatti Magga Cittas .................................................................................................................................................... 67
Lokuttara Vipàka Cittas .............................................................................................................................................................................. 68
Five Jhàna Arahatta Phala Cittas .................................................................................................................................................... 69
Quick Review Over Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................ 70
Chapter 2
CETASIKAS
Mental Factors 75
Characteristics of Cetasikas ................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Which is more powerful? .............................................................................................................................................................................. 75
Classification of Cetasikas ......................................................................................................................................................................... 76
A¤¤asamàna Cetasikas .................................................................................................................................................................................. 77
Sabbacitta-sàdhàraõa Cetasikas ......................................................................................................................................................... 77
Significance of Sabbacitta-sàdhàraõa ......................................................................................................................................... 81
Pakiõõaka Cetasikas .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 82
Akusala Cetasikas .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 85
Sobhaõa Cetasikas .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 93
Sobhana-sàdhàrana Cetasikas ............................................................................................................................................................... 93
Virati Cetasikas .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 100
Appama¤¤à Cetasikas ................................................................................................................................................................................... 101
Pa¤¤indriya ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 103

Association of each Cetasika with different Cittas ....................................................................................................... 103
Union of A¤¤asamàna Cetasikas ...................................................................................................................................................... 104
Union of Akusala Cetasikas ................................................................................................................................................................... 105
Union of Sobhaõa Cetasikas .................................................................................................................................................................. 105
Different Combinations of Cetasikas with Different Cittas ................................................................................... 106
Niyata-yogis and Aniyata-yogis ........................................................................................................................................................... 112
Doing the Impossible ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 116
Chapter 3
PAKIööAKA
Miscellaneous Section 119
Vedanà Saïgaha ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 119
Classification of Cittas according to Feeling ...................................................................................................................... 120
Hetu Saïgaha ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 121
Classifications of Cittas according to Roots ........................................................................................................................ 122
Kicca Saïgaha ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 122
The Cittas performing the respective Functions ................................................................................................................ 123
òhàna............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 125
Dvàra Saïgaha ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 126
The Cittas in each Door ............................................................................................................................................................................. 127
Alambaõa Saïgaha ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 129
Cittas and Sense-objects according to Doors ....................................................................................................................... 130
Individual Cittas and Sense-objects ............................................................................................................................................... 130
Vatthu Saïgaha ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 132
Vatthu and Bhåmi ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 133
Vi¤¤àna-dhàtu .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 134
Classification of Cittas according to Vatthu ....................................................................................................................... 134
Chapter 4
VäTHI
Cognitive Series 137
Process of Consciousness .......................................................................................................................................................................... 137
The Life-span of Citta ................................................................................................................................................................................... 137
The life-span of Råpa ................................................................................................
Six Types of Vi¤¤àõa ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 138
Six Types of Vãthi ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 139
The Causes for the Arising of Vãthi ................................................................................................................................................ 140
Six Types of Visayappavatti ......................................................................................................................................................................... 142
Vãthi-cittas and Vãthi-vimutti Cittas ............................................................................................................................................. 142
Three Types of Identical Cittas ........................................................................................................................................................... 143
Maraõàsanna Nimitta ................................................................................................................................................................................. 144
Three types of Bhavaïga Cittas .......................................................................................................................................................... 146
Cakkhu-dvàra Vãthis ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 147
Pa¤cadvàra-vãthis ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 156
The Simile of a Mango-fruit ................................................................................................................................................................... 156
Pa¤cadvàra-vãthi Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................. 157
The object & the Vatthu taken by each Vãthi-citta .......................................................................................................... 159
Mano-dvàra Vãthi ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 160
Kàma-javana Mano-dvàra Vãthis ........................................................................................................................................................ 161
Kama-javana-mano-dvàra-vãthi Cittas ........................................................................................................................................ 163
Secondary Mano-dvàra Vãthis ............................................................................................................................................................. 163
Practical Verification ................................................................................................................................................................................. 164
Appanà-javana Mano-dvàra Vãthis ................................................................................................................................................... 165
Five Råpàvacara Appanà Vãthis ........................................................................................................................................................... 166
Four Aråpàvacara Appanà Vãthis ...................................................................................................................................................... 168
Jhàna Samàpatti Vãthis ................................................................................................................................................................................ 170
Abhi¤¤à Appanà Vãthis ................................................................................................................................................................................ 172
Magga Appanà Vãthis .................................................................................................................................................................................... 174
Phala-samàpatti Vãthis ............................................................................................................................................................................... 176
Nirodha-samàpatti Vãthi ............................................................................................................................................................................ 178
Vipàka Niyàma ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 180
Frequency of Kàma-javanas .................................................................................................................................................................... 180
Frequency of Appanà-javanas ............................................................................................................................................................... 181
Procedure of Tadàlambaõa .................................................................................................................................................................... 182
âgantuka Bhavaïga....................................................................................................................................................................................... 182
Bhåmi and Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 183
Puggala-bheda .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 183
Puggala and Cittas ...................................................................................

Chapter 5
VäTHIMUT or BHæMI
Planes of Existence 187
Vãthimutta Cittas ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 187
Fourfold Catukkas .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 187
Four planes of Existence ............................................................................................................................................................................ 188
Situation of Bhåmis ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 189
Bhåmi and Persons ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 192
Four Modes of Rebirth (Pañisandhi-catukka) .......................................................................................................................... 193
Person and Pañisandhi .................................................................................................................................................................................. 193
The Method of Naming Råpa-planes .............................................................................................................................................. 195
Four Modes of Conceiving ....................................................................................................................................................................... 196
Life-spans of Beings ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 197
Four Kinds of Kamma (Kamma-catukka) .................................................................................................................................... 202
Kicca-kamma Catukka .................................................................................................................................................................................. 204
Pàkadànapariyàya-kamma Catukka ................................................................................................................................................ 205
The Simile of a Cattle-shed ..................................................................................................................................................................... 208
Pàkakàla-kamma Catukka ....................................................................................................................................................................... 209
Pàkathàna-kamma Catukka ................................................................................................................................................................... 211
Kamma-dvàra and three Types of Kamma ................................................................................................................................. 212
Ten Akusala-kamma-pathas .................................................................................................................................................................... 213
Ten Kusala-kamma-pathas ....................................................................................................................................................................... 214
Pu¤¤a-kiriya Vatthu (Bases of Meritorious Action) ........................................................................................................ 214
Dvihetuka and Tihetuka Kusala Kamma ................................................................................................................................... 216
Ukkaññha and Omaka Kusala Kamma .......................................................................................................................................... 216
How Kammas Bear Results ....................................................................................................................................................................... 217
Fourfold Advent of Death (Maraõ’uppatti-catukka) ................................................................................................... 222
Appearance of Kamma-related Objects ....................................................................................................................................... 223
Maraõàsanna Vãthi ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 224
Rebirth-consciousness .................................................................................................................................................................................. 226
Planes of Rebirth after Death ........................................................................
Chapter 6
RæPA
Compendium of Matter 229
Introductory ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 229
What is Råpa? ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 229
Råpa-samuddesa (Enumeration of Råpa) .................................................................................................................................... 230
Four Mahàbhåtas (Four Great Essentials) ............................................................................................................................... 231
24 Upàdà-råpas (Twenty-four Derivatives) ............................................................................................................................... 233
Five Pasàda-råpas (Sensitive Material Qualities) ............................................................................................................... 234
Seven Gocara-råpas (Material Qualities of Sense Objects) ..................................................................................... 234
Two Bhàva-råpas (Material Qualities of Sex) ......................................................................................................................... 235
Two Bhàva-råpas ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 235
Jãvita-råpa (Material Quality of Life) .......................................................................................................................................... 235
âhàra-råpa/Ojà (Material Quality of Nutrition) .......................................................................................................... 236
Pariccheda-råpa/âkàsa-dhàtu ........................................................................................................................................................... 236
Two Vi¤¤atti-råpas (Material Qualities of Communication) .................................................................................. 236
Five Vikàra-råpas (Material Qualities of Mutability) .................................................................................................. 237
Four Lakkhaõa-råpas (Material Qualities of Characteristics) .......................................................................... 237
Eighteen Nipphanna-råpas ....................................................................................................................................................................... 238
Ten Anipphana-råpas ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 239
Råpa-vibhàga (Criticism on Råpa) ...................................................................................................................................................... 239
Fire in Water and Water in Fire! .......................................................................................................................................................... 243
Råpa-samuññhàna ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 243
Types of Råpa ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 246
Grouping of Material Qualities (Råpa-kalàpa) ................................................................................................................... 247
Internal and External Kalàpas ........................................................................................................................................................ 250
Råpa-pavattikkama ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 251
Material Phenomena at Death ........................................................................................................................................................... 252
Arising of Material Phenomena in Råpa-planes ................................................................................................................. 253
Summary of Material Phenomena .................................................................................................................................................... 254
Practical Observations ............................................................................................................................................................................... 254
Nibbàna ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 256
Three Modes of Nibbàna ............................................................................................................................................................................. 258
Some more Definitions of Nibbàna .................................................................................................................................................... 258


Chapter 6
RæPA
Compendium of Matter 229
Introductory ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 229
What is Råpa? ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 229
Råpa-samuddesa (Enumeration of Råpa) .................................................................................................................................... 230
Four Mahàbhåtas (Four Great Essentials) ............................................................................................................................... 231
24 Upàdà-råpas (Twenty-four Derivatives) ............................................................................................................................... 233
Five Pasàda-råpas (Sensitive Material Qualities) ............................................................................................................... 234
Seven Gocara-råpas (Material Qualities of Sense Objects) ..................................................................................... 234
Two Bhàva-råpas (Material Qualities of Sex) ......................................................................................................................... 235
Two Bhàva-råpas ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 235
Jãvita-råpa (Material Quality of Life) .......................................................................................................................................... 235
âhàra-råpa/Ojà (Material Quality of Nutrition) .......................................................................................................... 236
Pariccheda-råpa/âkàsa-dhàtu ........................................................................................................................................................... 236
Two Vi¤¤atti-råpas (Material Qualities of Communication) .................................................................................. 236
Five Vikàra-råpas (Material Qualities of Mutability) .................................................................................................. 237
Four Lakkhaõa-råpas (Material Qualities of Characteristics) .......................................................................... 237
Eighteen Nipphanna-råpas ....................................................................................................................................................................... 238
Ten Anipphana-råpas ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 239
Råpa-vibhàga (Criticism on Råpa) ...................................................................................................................................................... 239
Fire in Water and Water in Fire! .......................................................................................................................................................... 243
Råpa-samuññhàna ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 243
Types of Råpa ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 246
Grouping of Material Qualities (Råpa-kalàpa) ................................................................................................................... 247
Internal and External Kalàpas ........................................................................................................................................................ 250
Råpa-pavattikkama ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 251
Material Phenomena at Death ........................................................................................................................................................... 252
Arising of Material Phenomena in Råpa-planes ................................................................................................................. 253
Summary of Material Phenomena .................................................................................................................................................... 254
Practical Observations ............................................................................................................................................................................... 254
Nibbàna ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 256
Three Modes of Nibbàna ............................................................................................................................................................................. 258
Some more Definitions of Nibbàna .................................................................................................................................................... 258

Hanya USD 1.450, Ziarah ke India-Sri Lanka 22 Mar - 02 Apr'12, 12 hari dan 3 malam di Bodhgaya

Namo Buddhaya,

Rekan-rekan, ini ada kesempatan yang baik dimana kita dapat harga khusus sehingga bisa berziarah 12 hari ke India hanya dengan USD 1.450, dengan 3 malam di Bodhgaya.



Adapun jadwalnya sebagai berikut:

* 22-Mar, Hari ke-01, Kamis JAKARTA 14:10 - COLOMBO 17:10 (_/_/D)
* 23-Mar, Hari ke-02, Jumat COLOMBO 09:30 - VARANASI 13:10 (B/L/D)
* 24-Mar, Hari ke-03, Sabtu VARANASI – SRAVASTI (B/L/D)
* 25-Mar, Hari ke-04, Minggu SRAVASTI - LUMBINI (B/L/D)
* 26-Mar, Hari ke-05, Senin LUMBINI – KUSHINAGAR (B/L/D)
* 27-Mar, Hari ke-06, Selasa KUSHINAGAR - VAISHALI - NALANDA - RAJGIR (B/L/D)
* 28-Mar, Hari ke-07, Rabu RAJGIR – BODHGAYA (B/L/D)
* 29-Mar, Hari ke-08, Kamis BODHGAYA (B/L/D)
* 30-Mar, Hari ke-09, Jumat BODHGAYA (B/L/D)
* 31-Mar, Hari ke-10, Sabtu BODHGAYA 13:10 - COLOMBO 16:40 (B/L/D )
* 01-Apr, Hari ke-11, Minggu Kandy - COLOMBO (B/L/D)
* 02-Apr, Hari ke-12, Senin COLOMBO 07:05 - JAKARTA 13:25 (B/L/_)

Kami hanya mendapat tiket utk 37 orang dan untuk itu bagi yang ingin mengikutinya mohon segera mendaftarkan ke:

* Suhadiman Kurniawan/Adi suhadimankurniawan@gmail.com , 0852 1036 2125; 0813 8569 6290
* charles hardono, vodhamma@gmail.com, 0812 105 0996; 0852 1038 5377

Adapun sekilas acara ziarah ini antara lain:

* Melakukan pembacaan paritta, meditasi, paddakhina di tempat-tempat suci tersebut
* Berdana kepada para bhikkhu dan vihara yang ada disana
* Mengganti jubah Buddha Rupang di Kushinagar dan Bodhgaya
* Kesempatan untuk berdana kepada fakir miskin, anak-anak sekolah disana.

Kami informasikan hal-hal yang selama ini menjadi pertanyaan:

* Mengenai makanan, kami sudah pesankan makanan chinese food dan hampir semua dilakukan di restaurant-restaurant dalam hotel dan dijamin kebersihannya.
* Uang yg dibawa cukup USD dan dapat ditukarkan kepada kami waktu di India.


Hotels to be provided OR SIMILAR (Subject to availability Only)

CITY FIRST CLASS HOTEL NAMES – 4 *

VARANASI Hotel Hindusthan Int’/ Hotel Ideal Tower/ Hotel Ideal Grand ( New Hotel opening soon )

SRAVASTI Pawan Palace / Lotus Nikko

LUMBINI Nansc

KUSHINAGAR Lotus Nikko / Imperial

RAJGIR Rajgir Residency

GAYA Lotus Nikko / Sujata / Bodhgaya Gautam




Cost includes:

1. Any Air Fare
2. 08 nights hotel accommodation based on Twin / Triple room.
3. Meals as per Itinerary (B/L/D)
4. English speaking guide through out the tour
5. All Sight seeing Place visit
6. Air-conditioned Luxury Transport through out the tour as per the itinerary. .
7. Boat Ride at river ganges at varanasi
8. 01/02 Bottle Mineral water per pax per days basis
9. Presently applicable government taxes
10. Arrival & Departure Assistance at Airport
11. Monument Entrance Fee as per itinerary


Cost does not includes

1. Nepal Visa Fee USD 25/pax, India Visa Fee Rp 650.000/pax. Sri Lanka Visa Rp 200.000/pax
2. Any Kinds of Tips & portrage
3. Any extra expanses occurring due to delay / cancellation of flight or any other change which is beyond our control.
4. Expenses of personal nature

Semoga bermanfaat adanya.........sadhu......3x


Mettacittena,

charles hardono

Teman2... Dr. Mehm Tin Mohn akan mengajar Abhidhamma sesi ke-2 di Vihara Pluit Dharma Sukha, seberang Mal Pluit Village ( dulu Mega Mal )
Kelas mulai tanggal 18 pebruari s/d 26 pebruari 2012
Senin s/d Jumat pukul 19:00 s/d 21:30 WIB
Sabtu d...an Minggu pukul 17:00 s/d 21:30
Anda dapat mengikuti kelas ini meskipun belum mengikuti kelas sebelumnya
Tidak perlu pendaftaran... hanya harap usahakan datang full time _/|\_

http://www.facebook.com/pages/Dr-Mehm-Tin-Mon/185366297217

Dr. Mehm Tin Mon (Maha Saddhamma Jotikadhaja) (Adviser to the Ministry of Religious Affairs, Union of Myanmar) He was born in kamawet village, Mudon township, Mon State. Union of Myanmar, on January 13, 1934. His parents were U Yaw In and Daw Sein Tan who were devout Buddhists. They belonged to the Mon race and made... their living by farming. Mehm Tin Mon attended Kamawet Primary School and Mudon State High School where he topped his class every year. He passed the High School Leaving Examination in 1951 with distinctions in Mathematics and General Science. He also passed the Matriculation Examination in the same year from the first division with distinction in Mathematics. He joined the University of Yangon in 1951. In the Intermediate Examination held in 1953, he scored the highest marks in Mathematics and Chemistry, and he was awarded the University Hoe Wah Kain Gold Medal as well as the University Scholarship. In the Bachelor of Science Examination held in 1955, he stood first with distinctions in Physics, Chemistry and Pure Mathematics. Again he was awarded a University gold medal called Esoof Bimiah Gold Medal. In 1956 he passed the B.Sc. Honours Examination in Chemisry with flying colours and a third Universit gold medal called U Shwe Lay Gold Medal was awarded to him. In 1957 he went to the United States of America to study at the University of Illinois on a State Scholarship sponsored by the Government of the Union of Myanmar. Here also he was awarded the University Fellowship for two consecutive years for his outstanding scholastic record. He gained the Master of Science Degree in1958 and the Doctorate Degree in 1960. He also won membership to Phi Lambaa Upsilon Society and Sigma Xi Society. He served his country for more than 36 years from 1956 to 1992 working as Lecturer and Head of Department of Chemistry in several Institutes and finally as Professor of Chemistry in the University of Mawlamyine (Moulmein). He retired from Professorship on December 1, 1992. During his service to the State, he headed the Buddhist Association of the Institute of Medicine (I), the Buddhist Association of the Institute of Education and the Buddhist Association of Mawlamyine University. He also served as Secretary and later as President of the Central Buddhist Association of Universities and Institutes in Yangon from 1983 to 1986. He succeeded in raising funds and building the beautiful two-storeyed Dhammayone (Community Hall for religious purposes) and the sacred Shrine (Pagoda) in the University of Mawlamyine. Dr. Tin Mon also excelled in religious examinations. He stood first in the Abhidhamma Examination (Ordinary Level) in 1981. He also stood first in the Abhidhamma Examination (Honours Level) in 1983. Again in 1984 he stood first in the Visuddhi Magga Examination. These examinations are held annually in Myanmar by the Department of Religious Affairs. Dr. Tin Mon has written over thirty books on education as well as on Buddhism. He travelled throughout Myanmar deliverng lectures on Buddhism and conducting short intensive classes of Abhidhamma. He was awarded the title of Saddhamma Jotakadhaja by the Government of the Union of Myanmar in 1994 for his outstanding contribution to the propagation of Buddhism. Dr. Tin Mon was appointed as an Adviser to the Ministry of Religious Affairs on August 1, 1993, and he has been serving the State in this capacity ever since. See More
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